Science
Related: About this forumSo much for the Paleo diet...
not the main point of the article, but that's what I got out of it...
Prehuman Species Preferred Forest Foods, Fossil Teeth Suggest
http://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/28/science/australopithecus-sediba-preferred-forest-foods-fossil-teeth-suggest.html?_r=1&smid=tw-nytimes&seid=auto
Almost two million years after their last meals, two members of a prehuman species in southern Africa left traces in their teeth of what they had eaten then, as well as over a lifetime of foraging. Scientists were surprised to find that these hominins apparently lived almost exclusively on a diet of leaves, fruits, wood and bark.
snip
The dietary pattern of the enigmatic species, Australopithecus sediba, discovered four years ago in the Malapa caves northwest of Johannesburg, was unexpected for several reasons. It contrasted sharply with available data for other hominins in the region and elsewhere in Africa; they mainly consumed grasses and sedges from the savanna.
snip
One thing people probably dont realize is that humans are basically grass eaters, Dr. Passey said in a statement. We eat grass in the form of the grains we use to make breads, noodles, cereals and beers, and we eat animals that eat grass. So when did our addiction to grass begin? At what point in our evolutionary history did we start making use of grasses? We are simply trying to find out where in the human chain that begins.
xchrom
(108,903 posts)mysuzuki2
(3,521 posts)the teeth record what was eaten in the last few days. What this means is that we can tell what those particular individuals were eating before they died. There is marked seasonality in diets of chimps for example and significant differences in diet between chimps in different areas. What this means is that we should probably avoid generalizing about the diet of A. sediba or any other fossil hominim.
Warpy
(111,485 posts)which explains why they were eating wood.
Coprolith analysis is a little more reliable, since some of it can be assumed to have come from more robust people, not those near death. What little I've managed to read on the subject suggests that the paleo diet was anything that didn't poison them and much that did, including insects, grubs, leaves, grasses, bark (likely for the sweet sap on the surface), and any seeds they could find in fruit or topping grasses or in pods. Most of the diet was vegetable and most of it was high bulk, low nutritional value stuff.
They were regular, if nothing else. They also mostly died by the age of 40.
mysuzuki2
(3,521 posts)You are right about them eating almost anything, I think. One of the most interesting things about prople and our bio-cultural evolution is that we have found ways to process foods before eating in such a way as to make them edible. Manioc and acorns for example cannot generally be eaten w/o fairly extensive processing. I think this sort of behavior may have begun fairly early in our evolutionary history.
monmouth
(21,078 posts)An eerie story from Grandmom Murphy educating us on the "troubles."..
PoliticAverse
(26,366 posts)bongbong
(5,436 posts)Look for that (delicious) Chocolate Bark.
Igel
(35,393 posts)And it even comes ground up for those with dentures.
tabatha
(18,795 posts)And there is a load of difference between grains harvested and used with minimal processing, as opposed to the whole-scale extraction of nutrients that is done to grains today.
And if one is to consider the use of grains - i.e. domestication of grains - that goes hand-in-hand in the domestication of cattle, sheep, etc.
There were some groups of people at that time that relied more on meat than grains, and others more on grains than meat.
The Masai for example live largely on the products of their cattle.
I would say the Masai are healthier than the average modern day US grain-consumers.
So, it is not a case of there goes the paleo diet. Different cultures eat different foods, some with minimal grain, and some not. You takes your choice.
tabatha
(18,795 posts)March 9, 2011 By Lisa M. Krieger
A team of Stanford University scientists, using the largest-ever genetic analysis of remote tribal people, have determined that the human family tree is rooted in one of the world's most marginal and primitive people - the Bushmen of southern Africa.
But Feldman, who led the team with geneticist Brenna Henn, went on to say, "But they are total geniuses in the bush." Further, he explained, "over tens of thousands of years, we lost the skills they have, that they teach their children. We developed a totally different set of values - with evolution through agriculture - that bypassed these people."
http://phys.org/news/2011-03-genetic-analysis-modern-humans-evolved.html
Here is the diet of the Bushmen:
Bushmen women gather fruit, berries, tubers, bush onions, and other plant materials for the band's consumption. The eggs of ostriches are gathered, and the empty shells are used as water containers. In addition to plants, insects furnish perhaps ten percent of animal proteins consumed, most often during the dry season.[17] Depending on location, the Bushmen consume 18 to 104 species including grasshoppers, beetles, caterpillars, moths, butterflies, and termites.[18]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bushmen
So by that logic, we today, who are descended from Bushmen should be eating their kinds of foods. Yet, the last paragraph of the article cited, states that humans are grass eaters based on ONE line of hominins who lived even earlier. Puhleeze.
Btw, today's chimps are omnivores.
Igel
(35,393 posts)It's the difference between
Proto-humans
||
Bushmen
|| ||
Bushmen others
and
Proto-humans
|| ||
Bushmen others
It'll come down to how you define "Bushmen" historically. It's like saying Friesian is descended from Dutch. If you define the dialect area before they diverged as "Dutch," sure; if you give it a different name--after all, it wasn't modern Dutch and the dialect was as Friesian as it was Dutch--then it wasn't.
As soon as you start talking culture, though, I always think the definition's being blurred because a researcher has decided to either advocate or blue-sky.
Some linguists have tried to allow the claim that the typologically odd Khoei-san phonological systems are somehow evidence of great time depth for the group as a specific group. But linguistic systems can change quickly, esp. in isolation. There's also a possible counterclaim: You get lots of genetic diversity (and linguistic diversity) not just where a stable population has been allowed to diversify over a long time period but also where a lot of populations are forced together. The Bushmen have essentially been the victim of a millennial campaign of genocide by Bantu-speakers and are left not where they're most comfortable but where the Bantu-speakers let them be.