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is twofold. One, did Tookie get a fair trial? And two, do the majority of problems in the black community come from without or within?
On point one, I really don't know enough about the case, but the disparity between black and white convictions, imprisonment and executions is too great for me to trust this conviction. Too many people wanted this man to be guilty. The prosecutor eliminated jury prospects based on race, to the point where none of a jury of Tookie's peers looked like him, or more importantly, shared his cultural experiences. I've had cops tell me, point blank, that they didn't worry about sending innocent people to jail, because the people they arrest are guilty of something, somewhere. I can easily see this man being convicted by a tainted jury on flimsy evidence by a judge who really hoped he'd be convicted. But again, I don't know the specifics of the case, or the reliability of the evidence. It seems to me, though, that in the case of the death penalty, the evidence should be so absolutely clear that the person's closest loved ones would nod and say "Yeah, he's guilty." If the evidence were that strong, there wouldn't be a question here.
On point two, I reject any suggestion that says that the problems in Black America are mostly the fault of Black Americans. I know too much of our history. Black Americans since slavery have been legally segregated in the workplace, in schools, and in living areas. Black American lives have been ended for over a century at the whims of White Americans, from lynchings to "unsolved" gang murders to crimes where White communities rallied to protect the white murderers even when everyone knew their identities, and yes, to cases where clearly innocent Black Americans were executed to satisfy White bloodlust over a crime. Black Americans have been forced into the worst jobs, the worst living places, the worst conditions of poverty. They have been ignored and rejected at times, like Katrina, when they most needed assistance to help. They have been given few economic advantages other than illegal trades where white people could come into a neighborhood to buy illegal goods and services, because cops didn't go to those neighborhoods except to beat up Black Americans. Black Americans for over a century were forced to do legal business primarily in their own neighborhoods, amongst people who were not able to make as much money or be as rich as White Americans. They were forced, in other words, to get money only in places where there was less money.
It's true that many of these legal conditions no longer exist, and it's true that society is changing, so that there is less discrimination against individuals than in past decades. A black man who works very hard and gains an education and can adapt to a different culture can "make it out of" the ghetto or the projects. And of course, not all Black Americans are born in the ghetto or the projects. There are increasing numbers of Black Americans born into comfortable families with comfortable futures. But the fact remains that large numbers of Black Americans, far larger than the percentage of White Americans, are stuck in a climate with no economic base (from a century of not being allowed to make it, as well as a current job climate that still favors and promotes Whites inequitably), with token schools based on models that work in other communities but not in theirs, with law enforcement more likely to view everyone as a suspect rather than a victim, with a government that literally would not waste money or vacation time or a good seat at a restaurant to save their lives. You all know the list, I don't really have to go on.
The good side of America is that anyone regardless of skin color or religion or ethnic background CAN achieve great things, however they define great things. The caveat is that White Americans are helped a lot more to achieve these things, are hindered a lot less, and are just a lot more likely to make it, regardless of skills. A Black American has to be greater than a White American to succeed equally. Which means the odds are still stacked against Black Americans.
White America really doesn't care about the lives of Black Americans. We are horrified when we see visible proof of inequity, as after Katrina. We do all we can to assure ourselves it isn't really our fault. Bill Cosby helps--a black man who tells us White Americans what we want to hear, that it's really the fault of black people. We can shake our heads sadly, say "Well, we tried," and go back to hiring our white co-workers, maybe treating the one or two Black Americans who have managed to make it into out business world a little nicer, hoping, with genuine sincerity, that we have tried in our own little ways to help in that way.
WHite America isn't bad, we're just too easily distracted into giving up. And Black America doesn't all fit into the general summery I gave above. But the numbers and percentages are enough that Black Americans are the majority of prisoners even though white people are arrested more often, that White and Black Americans use drugs in equal percentages but that 80% of people in prisons for drug use are black. Etc.
I don't know how all this relates to Tookie Williams. He was a violent man in a world where the odds were stacked against his success, and where many of the paths to the kind of success White America respects were closed, or at least heavily mined. He was the type of ambitious, sharp man who would have been brilliant in the business world, or maybe in politics, but he took a road that was easier for him to take, using his leadership and organizational skills and intense ambition in violent, bad ways. Maybe Tookie would have turned out the same even if he had all the same advantages White Americans have. I don't know. I really don't know. The problems are easier to figure out than the solutions.
But I reject the idea, even though it's not really the idea the OP stated, that the problems in Black America are problems created by Black Americans, and I reject the idea that Black Americans are the ones who should be responsible for fixing the problems in Black America. They don't have the acquired wealth base to fix most of the problems, they don't have the reigns of government, they don't have the ability. It's good to lecture young kids that they can all succeed if they work hard and do the right things and catch a few lucky breaks. It's true, they can. The odds are better that they will succeed if they are white, but they can succeed. They just have to be above average. The problem is, not everyone can be above average, and we need to eliminate the inequities that stack the odds against the averages.
That includes creating a more fair justice system, one that doesn't see Black Americans as suspects, as more violent, less reachable or reformable. One that doesn't see crimes committed by Black Americans as more severe than White crimes. And it includes a lot of other changes, as well. Mostly it includes making an honest effort. As we see now, with the concern over Katrina fading, that honest effort is not in the works, and who knows what it will take shock Americans into bringing it about. Maybe it will just take a great leader. Who can tell?
I hope Schwarzeneggar saves Tookie Williams. I really don't have much emotional concern for Williams, since I haven't followed this case too closely. But I just think any recognition of the problem, or any symbolic gesture that supports a person trying to redeem himself from horrible wrongs, is the right message. And I think this case, in many ways, is about Black and White. Maybe not explicitly. But it is. And I'd like to see the gesture made on the other side for a change. I think America can afford that gesture. And it needs it. We all need it. There has to be hope somewhere.
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