How is compliance learned?
We live in a punitive world. This is to say that the most typical reaction from the world to anything you do is punitive. You do something – anything – and the world kicks back at you.
This is something we experience from early childhood. You move, you get hurt. You try to climb, you fall over. You try to walk, you fall over. Anything you have learned is accompanied by a history of more or less unpleasant reactions from the world.
This also goes for society as a whole. You do something that is not approved by society, and society acts like the rest of the world: something you don't like to happen, happens. You are thrown in prison, fined, or just in general frowned upon. Hardly does the world offer to tell you what you should have done instead or, often more important, how you should go about to be able to do what you should have done instead.
As it happens, however, behavior is typically most efficiently changed when new behavior is immediately followed by a pleasant response. There are qualifications to this statement, but, to paint with a broad brush, behaviors that are immediately followed by something pleasant are more likely to be repeated. So how do we learn anything?. Because our parents have successfully held negative consequences at bay, and made us a world in which obeying has more pleasant consequences than disobeying. This is one of the most important issues in child rearing: make the world more rewarding and less punitive.
more
http://www.roffe.com/misc/001.php