The United States and its allies have been forced to launch their biggest military operation of the war in Afghanistan because in the 55 months since ousting the Taliban movement from power, they neglected to establish minimal security or governance in the country's south, analysts say.
That failure has let the Taliban walk back in through an open door, say Afghan and foreign officials in Kabul and the southern city of Kandahar. Afghan officials estimate thousands of Taliban guerrillas, many recently infiltrated from Pakistan, are in the five southernmost provinces, where their attacks culminated this spring in a spasm of bombings, ambushes and assassinations against scattered government targets.
US-led coalition forces launched a counteroffensive last week that they said will involve 11,000 Afghan and Western troops, in an effort to stabilise the south this summer before US commanders hand that region over to an arriving Nato force...
The reality in the south looks far nastier. Because of the Taliban's spread, United Nations agencies, which a few years ago operated freely over 60 per cent to 70 per cent of southernmost Afghanistan, now can work readily in only six of the region's 50 districts, or counties, said UN regional director Talatbek Masadykov. The Taliban have established parallel authorities, including courts, in wide areas of the south and people are turning to them to solve conflicts, say Afghan press reports and UN officials...
In late May, Afghan and US forces battled hundreds of Taliban in villages barely 10 miles west of Kandahar. City residents say armed Taliban patrol their outer neighbourhoods, warning people not to send their children to government schools. Last year, guerrillas burned or shut down more than 100 schools in Kandahar province...
As in much of Afghanistan, perhaps the most glaring failure of rebuilding is the police. Most police, recruited locally and untrained, are not paid regularly, and significant numbers are deserting, officials and Kandahar residents said.
Even in districts where policemen face strong Taliban forces, the policemen don't have a second clip of ammunition for their rifles, said an Afghan security official in Kabul. "The coalition is ramping up now to build up the police force. But that's four years too late."
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