TIME: Iraq's Police Are a Deadly Problem: "violent Shi'ite shock troops"

Why Iraq's Police Are a Deadly Problem
Interior Minister Bayan Jabr has turned the U.S.-trained force into violent Shi'ite shock troops, critics say
By CHRISTOPHER ALLBRITTON/BAGHDAD
Posted Monday, Mar. 20, 2006


The bodies began to show up early last week. On Monday, 34 corpses were found. In the darkness of Tuesday morning, 15 more men, between the ages of 22 and 40 were found in the back of a pickup truck in the al-Khadra district of western Baghdad. They had been hanged. By daybreak, 40 more bodies were found around the city, most bearing signs of torture before the men were killed execution-style. The most gruesome discovery was an 18-by-24-foot mass grave in the Shi'ite slum of Kamaliyah in east Baghdad containing the bodies of 29 men, clad only in their underwear with their hands bound and their mouths covered with tape. Local residents only found it because the ground was oozing blood. In all, 87 bodies were found over two days in Baghdad.

The grisly discovery was horrible enough, the latest and perhaps most chilling sign that Iraq is descending further into butchery — and quite possibly civil war. But almost as disturbing is the growing evidence that the massacres and others like it are being tolerated and even abetted by Iraq's Shi'ite-dominated police forces, overseen by Iraq's Interior Minister, Bayan Jabr. On his watch, sectarian militias have swelled the ranks of the police units and, Sunnis charge, used their positions to carry out revenge killings against Sunnis. While allowing an Iranian-trained militia to take over the ministry, critics say, Jabr has authorized the targeted assassination of Sunni men and stymied investigations into Interior-run death squads. Despite numerous attempts to contact them, neither Jabr nor Interior Ministry spokesmen responded to requests for comment on this article.

Jabr's and his forces' growing reputation for brutality comes at a particularly inopportune moment for the Bush Administration, which would like to hand over security responsibilities to those same police units as quickly as possible. That has raised the distinct and disturbing possibility that the U.S. is in fact training and arming one side in a conflict seeming to grow worse by the day. "Militias are the infrastructure of civil war," U.S. ambassador Zalmay Khalilzad told TIME recently. Khalilzad has been publicly critical of Jabr and warned that the new security ministries under the next, permanent Iraqi government should be run by competent people who have no ties to militias and who are "non-sectarian." Further U.S. support for training the police and army, he said, depends on it.

But ever since Jabr was appointed Interior Minister after the January 2005 election brought a religious Sh'ite coalition to power, Sunnis allege, he began remaking the paramilitary National Police into Shi'ite shock troops. A member of the Iranian-backed Supreme Council for the Islamic Revolution in Iraq (SCIRI), Jabr fled to Iran in the 1970s to avoid Saddam's crackdown. Jerry Burke, a former civilian senior police advisor to the Interior Ministry, said Jabr's experience with Saddam's government has left him bitter and distrustful of anyone he suspects has ties to the previous regime. That would most certainly include the former members of Saddam Hussein's Special Forces and Republican Guards which initially made up the bulk of the National Police when Jabr took charge....

http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1175055,00.html?cnn=yes

Christopher Allbritton has a new piece in TIME about the Iraqi Interior Ministry running death squad attacks against their enemies...

http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1175055,00.html?cnn=yes

Why Iraq's Police Are a Deadly Problem
Interior Minister Bayan Jabr has turned the U.S.-trained force into violent Shi'ite shock troops, critics say
By CHRISTOPHER ALLBRITTON/BAGHDAD
Posted Monday, Mar. 20, 2006

The bodies began to show up early last week. On Monday, 34 corpses were found. In the darkness of Tuesday morning, 15 more men, between the ages of 22 and 40 were found in the back of a pickup truck in the al-Khadra district of western Baghdad. They had been hanged. By daybreak, 40 more bodies were found around the city, most bearing signs of torture before the men were killed execution-style. The most gruesome discovery was an 18-by-24-foot mass grave in the Shi'ite slum of Kamaliyah in east Baghdad containing the bodies of 29 men, clad only in their underwear with their hands bound and their mouths covered with tape. Local residents only found it because the ground was oozing blood. In all, 87 bodies were found over two days in Baghdad.

The grisly discovery was horrible enough, the latest and perhaps most chilling sign that Iraq is descending further into butchery — and quite possibly civil war. But almost as disturbing is the growing evidence that the massacres and others like it are being tolerated and even abetted by Iraq's Shi'ite-dominated police forces, overseen by Iraq's Interior Minister, Bayan Jabr. On his watch, sectarian militias have swelled the ranks of the police units and, Sunnis charge, used their positions to carry out revenge killings against Sunnis. While allowing an Iranian-trained militia to take over the ministry, critics say, Jabr has authorized the targeted assassination of Sunni men and stymied investigations into Interior-run death squads. Despite numerous attempts to contact them, neither Jabr nor Interior Ministry spokesmen responded to requests for comment on this article.

The horrible truth is that death squads are probably the most efficient way for the Shiites to combat the Sunni insurgency.

There is a civil war in progress, and each side has chosen the tactics that best suit its situation.

The Shiites' situation is that they are the majority and they won the elections, so they are the side Bush has to support. And that support includes

1. military training and equipment
2. operational support and logistics courtesy of the U.S. Army
3. air support courtesy of the U.S. Air Force
4. their forces are never a target of US attacks
5. intelligence sharing.

So the Shiites are in a pretty good positon in a pitched battle. But their tactic of choice appears to be the death squad, night assault, abduction, summary execution, and dumping of the body. Why? Perhaps one reason is they don't need U.S. support or involvement to carry out an operation like that, unlike a pitched battle. They also have much better intelligence (they actually live there and speak the language and can tell each other apart), so taking out individual enemies and small groups by stealth can be made an effective tactic.

The Sunnis' weapons of choice are the IED, the car bomb, and small-unit assault, along with indirect fire (mortars) for harrassment. Again, the tactics fit the Sunni's situation. What they have going for them is

1. They can blend in with the population and have enclaves where they can supply, rest, and regroup
2. Foreign jihadis are willing to pilot their car bombs
3. Plenty of financial support from out of country
4. Some residual organization from Saddam's day

This suggests tactics that would conserve personnel, like with the IED, the operator is long gone when it goes off. And of course they don't care how many foreign jihadis blow themselves up.